Our process
Stages of the process
In the communities along the Andes Mountain Range, wool production is not only a means of subsistence but also a way to preserve cultural heritage and ancestral traditions. The transmission of knowledge regarding wool and the weaving process is essential for keeping the history and identity of these communities alive. Below is an overview of this process:
Selection of sheep
Communities typically choose native breeds that have been raised in the region for generations. Breeds such as the Criolla sheep are well-adapted to the climate and conditions of the Andean environment, allowing them to produce high-quality wool. Key selection criteria for sheep include the fineness and softness of their wool, as well as the durability and length of their fibers.
Shearing
Shearing takes place once a year, during spring, when the sheep begin to shed their wool. Shearers, who are members of the community, employ manual techniques, often using traditional scissors or blades. This process is carried out with great care to avoid harming the sheep and is regarded as a practice that honors the animals.
Washing raw wool
Once sheared, the wool is cleaned through a manual washing process. Warm water and a natural soap, such as ash soap or rosemary soap, are used to remove impurities and lanolin (the natural grease in the wool). Care must be taken not to damage the fibers. This stage can be time-consuming, depending on the quantity of wool and the level of dirt present. Afterwards, the wool is spread out in the sun for natural drying.
Carding
Carding is the process of detangling and smoothing the wool. In indigenous communities, this is done by hand using traditional carders, which are simple tools made of wood and nails or thorns. This technique helps separate the fibers and prepares them for spinning; the result of this process is known as fleece.
Spinning
Spinning is done using hand spindles or wheels. This task requires skill and is a tradition rich in meaning, as the women of the community often sit together to spin, sharing stories and keeping their culture alive. The wool can be spun into various thicknesses and textures, depending on what is intended to be woven.
Washing spun wool
This stage is essential to ensure the wool is thoroughly cleaned. It is done manually using warm water and natural soap. The process is repeated at least twice, or as many times as necessary. Afterwards, the wool is dried naturally in the sun.
Cleaning solid materials
In addition to washing, manual cleaning is performed to remove solid particles that remain in the wool, primarily natural straw, which is present as it serves as bedding for the sheep during their rest.
Natural Dyeing
Given the natural shades of the sheep (white, gray, and brown), wool is often used undyed. However, if a special color is needed, natural dyes are applied to the white wool, extracted from plants, roots, and spices. For example, trees such as the Canelo are used for red tones, and turmeric for yellows. These dyes are not only environmentally friendly but also strengthen the connection between the communities and their surroundings.
Knitting
Finally, the wool is used to weave various products. The weaving techniques and patterns are passed down from generation to generation, and each piece tells a unique story that reflects the identity and life of the community. Items can range from blankets to clothing and accessories.